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Next Gen SONET / SDH
SONET and its international equivalent SDH have been the trusted technologies
used in transport networks world wide for many years. SONET and SDH were
developed to standardize optical network transmission at a time when the
vast majority of communications traffic was circuit-switched based voice
content carried through TDM based DS1/3 and E1/3 pipes. The stunning growth
of the Internet, the demand for WAN data communications and the increasing
excitement over Ethernet transport services in the MAN and WAN space have
dramatically changed the makeup of today’s transport networks. Data
traffic has surpassed traditional voice traffic as the dominate content
on today’s optical networks.
Legacy SONET/SDH uses rigid fixed STS-1 containers of 51.84Mbps in size
to carry traffic. This is perfectly suitable for circuit-switched voice
traffic, but Data traffic is asynchronous with bursty characteristics
and Legacy SONET/SDH can not efficiently carry this type of traffic. For
example, in order to carry GbE signal over traditional SONET/SDH networks
this would require an STS-48C worth of bandwidth. This leaves 60% of the
bandwidth unused.
Competition from cable and satellite content providers, and broadband
internet have fundamentally changed how Network Operators compete, eroding
the traditional voice revenue. Forward thinking Service Providers are
actively looking for new revenue opportunities, in areas such as Triple
play and Ethernet services. However traditional SONET/SDH is not well
suited for Ethernet traffic. Gigabit Ethernet at 1.25Gbps cannot be efficiently
carried over traditional SONET. (A legacy SONET network would require
an OC48 running at 2.4Gbps, resulting in inefficient network utilization.)
Next Gen SONET delivers on this need for additional flexibility. Considering
the investment in SONET/SDH, and the knowledge and trust Providers have
for SONET/SDH development, an enhanced or Next Generation SONET/SDH has
lots of appeal.
Next Generation SONET/SDH consists of VCAT, LCAS and GFP technologies.
* Virtual Concatenation (VC) is a method of creating a single SONET payload
out of two or more associated payloads that are transported through a
network completely independently. VC has the ability to maximize bandwidth
utilization of SONET payloads with its flexibility to “right size”
existing channels.
* GFP (Generic Framing Procedure) maps higher order protocols onto SONET.
GFP provides rules for payload specific mapping on various network topologies.
* LCAS, the Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme, allows for dynamic provisioning
of bandwidth using VC. With LCAS, the network does not need to be shut
down and data is not lost during the re-provisioning of bandwidth.
These new technologies create many new testing challenges. For example,
the diverse routing process inherent in VC creates “differential
delays” -- that is, time differences between the arrivals of different
paths at the receiving end of the network (see diagram below). The ramifications
of these delays can be significant, especially on delay sensitive services
such as video and storage.
Anue’s SONET/SDH Network Delay Emulators help organizations that
are developing and deploying Next Gen SONET solutions. Anue’s SONET/SDH
WAN Emulation products generate two types of delays: signal delays and
path layer delays. A Signal Delay Emulator is like a programmable
spool of fiber, where delays can be injected in bit level increments up
to 750 ms. The Path Delay Emulators delay individual segments of
data of various sizes within a SONET signal by up to 320 ms of differential
delay. With these WAN Emulation solutions users can simulate the transmission
delays and path jitter that will be encountered by diversely routed members
of a VC group.
Change in network content and competitive pressures have fueled the need
to develop Next Gen SONET technologies to efficiently deliver new revenue
generating services over existing optical networks. Before deploying these
new technologies, however, it is critical to evaluate the effects on services
using GFP or running through a VC/LCAS environment. Anue WAN Emulators
can help you do this!
With a scalable, cost-effective solution for many of the challenges faced
by today’s developers of Next Gen SONET network equipment and systems,
Anue Systems is leading the way in Next Gen SONET testing. Designing,
building and testing next generation SONET products, including VC/LCAS
solutions, require WAN Emulation tools such as those from Anue Systems
with targeted delay emulation and impairment functionality.
For more information: “Testing
Delays in Optical Networks”
APPLICATIONS
Virtual Concatenation testing of Network Equipment
WAN Emulation up to OC192 data rates
Signal Fail/Signal Degrade Algorithm verification
SONET/SDH Protection Switch Testing
SONET/SDH Framer Testing GFP Framing under high bit error rates
Since 1997, Gillaspy Associates has built
a solid reputation for developing strong relationships with our customers
by providing quality solutions and ongoing support.
Downloads
White Paper: Performing Next
Generation SONET Testing using a Network Latency Simulator
Related Pages
Signal Delay Emulator
Path Delay Emulators
Data Recovery
Network Emulator
WAN Emulator
Latency Emulator
Delay Emulation Products
GEM/XGME
SD Signal Delay
PD Path Delay
FC SAN Delay & Impairment
Combo Units
Delay Solutions
Networked
Applications
Server/Data
Center Migration
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& Voice
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Disaster
Recovery/Business Continuity
Satellite
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Proof
of Concept & Interoperability
Next
Gen Sonet/SDH
iWARP
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Planning & Readiness
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Extension
CPRI
TCP/WAN Acceleration
Anue Systems
Training Courses
Gillaspy currently offers the following training courses:
SAS
ML270 - Serial Attached
SCSI Architecture & Instrumentation
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ML250 - Fibre Channel
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Analysis
iSCSI
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and Instrumentation
FCIP
ML240 - Introduction to Fibre
Channel Over IP (FCIP)
MCE: Medusa Certified Engineer
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Contact Gillaspy Assocates at 805-987-1959 to schedule an on-site class.
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